Revised edition of the authors' The psychology of criminal conduct, 2010.

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Machine generated contents note: pt. 1 Theoretical Context and Knowledge Base to the Psychology of Criminal Conduct -- ch. 1 Overview of the Psychology of Criminal Conduct -- Definition of the Psychology of Criminal Conduct -- Values at the Base of PCC -- Objectives of PCC -- Definitions of Criminal Behavior -- Variation in Criminal Conduct -- Look Ahead -- Part 1 -- Part 2 -- Part 3 -- Part 4 -- Worth Remembering -- ch. 2 Empirical Basis to the Psychology of Criminal Conduct -- Research Designs -- Correlates of Crime and the Cross-Sectional Research Design -- Predictor Variables and the Longitudinal Design -- Dynamic Predictors and the Multiwave Longitudinal Design -- Causal Variables and the Randomized Experimental Design -- Some Commonly Used Statistics -- Statistical Significance: p < .05 and Confidence Intervals -- Statistical Measures of the Magnitude of Covariation -- Meta-Analyses -- Moderator Variables -- Comment on Aggregated Crime Rates -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 3 From Criminology Theories to a Psychological Perspective of Criminal Conduct -- Criminological Theories -- Strain Theory -- Subcultural Perspectives -- Labeling and Marxist/Conflict Theories -- Control Theories -- Differential Association Theory -- Summary of Criminological Theories -- General Personality and Cognitive Social Learning Theory of Criminal Conduct -- Learning of Criminal Behavior -- Glimpse at the Evidence Supporting GPCSL and the Central Eight -- Summary -- Worth Remembering -- pt. 2 Major Risk/Need Factors of Criminal Conduct -- ch. 4 Biological Basis of Criminal Behavior -- Heredity and Crime -- Search for a Crime Gene -- Intergenerational Crime -- What Twin and Adoption Studies Tell Us about Nature and Nurture -- Twin Studies -- Adoption Studies -- Nature-Nurture Interaction -- Neurophysiological Factors and Crime -- Difficult, Impulsive, Sensation-Seeking Temperament -- Crime: A Failure or Success of Evolution? -- Failure in Evolution: The Caveman Awakened -- Criminal Behavior as an Evolutionary Adaptation -- Three Closing Comments -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 5 Antisocial Personality Pattern -- Psychology's View of Personality -- Super Trait Perspective of Personality -- Is Personality Just a Matter of Traits? -- Criminology's View of Personality -- Then... -- And Now... -- Antisocial Personality as Pathology -- Psychiatry and Antisocial Personality Disorder -- Psychopathy -- Assessment of Psychopathy: Hare's Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R) -- PCL-R and the Prediction of Criminal Behavior -- Are There Noncriminal Psychopaths? -- Etiology of Psychopathy -- Treatment of Psychopaths -- Can Children Be Psychopaths? -- General Personality and Cognitive Social Learning Perspective: APP -- Poor Self-Control: A Facet of Antisocial Personality -- Antisocial Personality Pattern: Risk and Treatment -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 6 Role of Procriminal Associates and Attitudes in Criminal Conduct -- When Parents Lose Control: The Path to Delinquent Associates -- Psychological Perspectives on Delinquent Associates -- Delinquent Associates: Training in Criminal Behavior -- Gangs -- Summary -- Cognitions Supportive of Crime: Procriminal Attitudes -- Development of Procriminal Attitudes -- Attitude-Behavior Link -- Classifying Procriminal Attitudes -- Assessment of Procriminal Attitudes -- Targeting Procriminal Attitudes in Treatment -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 7 Person in Social Context: Family, Marital, School, Work, Leisure/Recreation, and Neighborhood -- Family of Origin -- Learning to Care: The Parent-Child Relationship and the Development of Social Bonds -- Parenting Practices and Delinquency -- Family Interventions and the Reduction of Delinquent Behavior -- Primary Prevention -- Secondary Prevention Family Programs -- Summary -- Marital Attachments -- School -- Work -- Leisure/Recreation -- Neighborhood -- Summary -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 8 Substance Abuse -- Alcohol Abuse -- Definition and Prevalence -- Alcohol Abuse and Crime -- Treating Alcohol Abuse -- Drug Abuse -- Prevalence -- Treating Drug Abuse -- Relapse Prevention -- Dealing with Resistance to Treatment -- Motivational Interviewing -- Mandated Treatment and Drug Courts -- Final Comment on Substance Abuse -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- pt. 3 Applications -- ch. 9 Risk-Need-Responsivity Model of Offender Assessment and Treatment -- Overarching Principles -- Principle 1 -- Principle 2 -- Principle 3 -- Core RNR Principles and Key Clinical Issues -- Principle 4 -- Principle 5 -- Principle 6 -- Principle 7 -- Principle 8 -- Principle 9 -- Principle 10 -- Principle 11 -- Principle 12 -- Organizational Principles -- Summary -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 10 Prediction of Criminal Behavior and Classification of Offenders -- Assessing Predictive Accuracy -- PCC and Prediction -- Offender Assessment and the Principles of Risk, Need, and Responsivity -- Risk Principle: Match the level of service to the level of risk -- Need Principle: Target criminogenic needs -- Responsivity Principle: Use cognitive-behavioral interventions with attention to personal learning styles -- Approaches to the Assessment and Prediction of Criminal Behavior -- First-Generation Risk Assessment: Professional Judgment -- Second-Generation Risk Assessment: Actuarial, Static Risk Scales -- Third-Generation Assessment: Risk/Need Scales -- Level of Service Inventory-Revised -- Criminogenic Needs and the Dynamic Validity of the LSI-R -- Summary of the LSI-R -- Fourth-Generation Risk Assessment: The Integration of Case Management with Risk/Need Assessment -- General Applicability of Theory-Based Offender Assessment -- LS Risk Assessment Across Different Populations -- Age -- Gender -- Race/Ethnicity -- Summary -- LS Risk and Violence Outcomes -- Obstacles to Using Empirically Based Risk Assessment for Offender Rehabilitation -- 1. Adherence to second-generation risk assessment -- 2. Reluctance to abandon clinical judgment -- Future of Offender Assessment -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 11 Offender Rehabilitation -- How and Why of "Nothing Works" -- Birth of "What Works" -- Further Results from the Expanded Meta-Analysis -- Independent Meta-Analytic Summaries of the Effects of RNR Programming -- Study methodology -- Publication bias -- Characteristics of the samples -- Supervision and control -- Type of intervention -- GPCSL and Intervention -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 12 Creating and Maintaining RNR Adherence: A Real-World Challenge -- Fidelity in Offender Risk/Need Assessment -- Enhancing the Integrity of Correctional Treatment -- Some Major Barriers to RNR Adherence -- Assessment of Programs and Agencies -- Components of Effective Correctional Supervision and Treatment -- Dimensions of Effective Correctional Counseling: 1. Relationship -- Dimensions of Effective Correctional Counseling: 2. Structuring -- a). Effective Model -- b). Effective Reinforcement -- c). Effective Disapproval -- d). Cognitive Restructuring -- e). Skill Building -- Training Correctional Staff to Apply the RNR Model -- Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) -- Training Issues -- Evaluation of STICS -- (1). Experimental Research Design -- (2). Assessment of Probation Officer and Behavior -- (3). Project Commitment and Motivation -- Results -- Staff Training Aimed at Reducing Re-arrest (STARR) -- Effective Practices in Community Supervision (EPICS) -- Summary -- Cost-Benefit Evaluations of Offender Treatment -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 13 Failed Experiment: Getting Tough on Crime -- Criminal Justice Sanctions and Just Deserts -- Effects of Imprisonment on Crime and the Community -- Incapacitation Effect: Taking the Bad Off the Streets -- Imprisonment and crime rates -- cost of increasing imprisonment -- Restoring Faith in the Criminal Justice System -- Deterrence -- Evaluations of Intermediate Sanctions -- Unfulfilled Promise of Fairness -- Summary -- Psychology of Punishment -- Why Doesn't Punishment Work? -- Conditions for Effective Punishment -- Condition 1 Maximum Intensity -- Condition 2 Immediacy -- Condition 3 Certainty -- Condition 4 No Escape or Reinforced Alternatives -- Condition 5 Density of Punishment Must Outweigh the Density of Reinforcement -- Condition 6 Effectiveness of Punishment Interacts with Person Variables -- Side Effects of Punishment -- Summary on Punishment -- Alternative to Retribution: Restorative Justice -- Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- ch. 14 Criminal Subtypes: Intimate Partner Violence, the Mentally Disordered, and Sex Offenders -- Intimate Partner Violence -- Men Who Batter: How Different Are They from Regular Criminals? -- Risk Factors from Surveys -- Risk Factors from the Study of Conflictual Relationships -- Actuarial Risk Scales for Intimate Partner Abuse -- Treatment of Male Batterers -- Mentally Disordered Offender (MDO) -- Estimating the Prevalence of Mental Disorders -- Dangerousness and the Psychiatric Patient -- Threat/Control-Override Symptomatology -- Dangerousness and the MDO -- Risk Factors for MDOs -- Treatment of the MDO -- Sex Offender -- How Unique are Sex Offenders? -- Risk Factors for Sexual Offending -- Treatment of Sex Offenders -- Few Closing Comments --

Contents note continued: Worth Remembering -- Recommended Readings -- pt. 4 Summary and Conclusions -- ch. 15 General Personality and Cognitive Social Learning Perspective of Criminal Conduct: Summary and Conclusions -- Empirical Understanding -- Incidence and Prevalence of Criminal Activity -- Substantial Variation in the Criminal Behavior of Individuals -- Early and Late Starters -- Chronic and Serious Violent Offenders -- Generality and Specificity -- Correlates of Criminal Activity -- Central Eight -- Wide Applicability -- Ability to Influence Crime -- Theoretical Understanding and Challenges to GPCSL -- Desistance -- Good Lives Model (GLM) -- Understanding of Practical Value -- Prediction Instruments -- Effective Prevention and Treatment -- Specific Responsivity -- Impact of a Psychology of Criminal Conduct -- Conclusion and Final Comments.