Introduction to biological physics for the health and life sciences

Summary: "The second large addition to the textbook is a new section in the Thermodynamics topic with chapters covering thermodynamic processes, heat engines, entropy, and thermodynamic potentials. The material presented in these chapters goes further into some thermodynamics concepts than is typical for a first-year physics text. However, students are confronted with concepts like entropy and Gibb's energy in other courses they undertake as part of their training. These students cannot be expected to develop a deep understanding of these ideas in a single semester, especially in a course whose main purpose is teach chemistry or biochemistry. Our primary goal in this section of the book is to provide students with a secondary source of information which they may access later in their course of study, though it may also prove useful in joining physics with chemistry in integrated science programmes"--

Record details

ISBN: 9781118934500
ISBN: 1118934504
Physical Description: print
x, 587 pages ; 30 cm
Edition: Second edition.
Publisher: Hoboken, NJ ; John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2019.
Copyright: ©2019

Content descriptions

Bibliography, etc. Note:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Formatted Contents Note:

Machine generated contents note: I. Mechanics -- ch. 1 Kinematics -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Distance and Displacement -- 1.3. Speed and Velocity -- 1.4. Acceleration -- 1.5. Average Velocity or Speed -- 1.6. Change in Displacement Under Constant Acceleration -- 1.7. Acceleration Due to Gravity -- 1.8. Independence of Motion in Two Dimensions -- 1.9. Summary -- 1.10. Problems -- ch. 2 Force and Newton's Laws of Motion -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Concept of Force -- 2.3. Kinds of Force -- 2.4. Newtonian Gravity -- 2.5. Fictitious Forces -- 2.6. Summary -- 2.7. Problems -- ch. 3 Motion in a Circle -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Description of Circular Motion -- 3.3. Circular Velocity and Acceleration -- 3.4. Centripetal Force -- 3.5. Sources of Centripetal Force -- 3.6. Summary -- 3.7. Problems -- ch. 4 Statics -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Equilibrium -- 4.3. Torque -- 4.4. Principle of Moments -- 4.5. Centre of Gravity/Centre of Mass -- 4.6. Stability -- 4.7. Summary -- 4.8. Problems -- ch. 5 Energy -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. What is Energy? -- 5.3. Work -- 5.4. Kinetic Energy -- 5.5. Potential Energy -- 5.6. Conservative Forces -- 5.7. Conservation of Total Energy -- 5.8. Power -- 5.9. Summary -- 5.10. Problems -- ch. 6 Momentum -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Linear Momentum -- 6.3. Newton's Laws and Momentum -- 6.4. Collisions -- 6.5. Elastic Collisions -- 6.6. Summary -- 6.7. Problems -- ch. 7 Simple Harmonic Motion -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Hooke's Law -- 7.3. Simple Harmonic Motion -- 7.4. Simple Pendulum -- 7.5. Summary -- 7.6. Problems -- ch. 8 Waves -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. SHM and Waves -- 8.3. Frequency, Wavelength, and Speed -- 8.4. Form of the Wave -- 8.5. Types of Wave -- 8.6. Superposition and Interference -- 8.7. Beats -- 8.8. Reflection -- 8.9. Standing Waves -- 8.10. Waves and Energy -- 8.11. Complex Waveforms -- 8.12. Summary -- 8.13. Problems -- ch. 9 Sound and Hearing -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Sound Waves in Media -- 9.3. Pitch and Loudness -- 9.4. Resonance and Sound Generation -- 9.5. Ear -- 9.6. Doppler Effect -- 9.7. Summary -- 9.8. Problems -- II. Solids and Fluids -- ch. 10 Elasticity: Stress and Strain -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Tension and Compression -- 10.3. Shear Stress and Strain -- 10.4. Bulk Stress and Strain -- 10.5. Elasticity -- 10.6. Summary -- 10.7. Problems -- ch. 11 Pressure -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Pressure -- 11.3. Density -- 11.4. Pascal's Principle -- 11.5. Measurement of Pressure -- 11.6. Pressure and the Human Body -- 11.7. Summary -- 11.8. Problems -- ch. 12 Buoyancy -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Buoyant Force -- 12.3. Summary -- 12.4. Problems -- ch. 13 Surface Tension and Capillarity -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Surface Tension -- 13.3. Capillarity -- 13.4. Surfactants and the Lung -- 13.5. Summary -- 13.6. Problems -- ch. 14 Fluid Dynamics of Non-viscous Fluids -- 14.1. Introduction -- 14.2. Definitions of Some Key Terms -- 14.3. Equation of Continuity -- 14.4. Bernoulli's Equation -- 14.5. Summary -- 14.6. Problems -- ch. 15 Fluid Dynamics of Viscous Fluids -- 15.1. Introduction -- 15.2. Viscosity -- 15.3. Turbulence -- 15.4. Summary -- 15.5. Problems -- ch. 16 Molecular Transport Phenomena -- 16.1. Introduction -- 16.2. Diffusion -- 16.3. Osmosis -- 16.4. Applications to Biological Systems -- 16.5. Summary -- 16.6. Problems -- III. Thermodynamics -- ch. 17 Temperature and the Zeroth Law -- 17.1. Introduction -- 17.2. Thermal Equilibrium -- 17.3. Measuring Temperature -- 17.4. Thermal Expansion of Materials -- 17.5. Summary -- 17.6. Problems -- ch. 18 Ideal Gases -- 18.1. Introduction -- 18.2. Gas Laws -- 18.3. Biological Applications -- 18.4. Kinetic Theory of Gases -- 18.5. Summary -- 18.6. Problems -- ch. 19 Phase and Temperature Change -- 19.1. Introduction -- 19.2. Phase Changes -- 19.3. Temperature Changes -- 19.4. Energy Conservation -- 19.5. L and c Values for Water -- 19.6. Summary -- 19.7. Problems -- ch. 20 Water Vapour and the Atmosphere -- 20.1. Introduction -- 20.2. Mixtures of Water Vapour and Air -- 20.3. Partial Pressure and Moisture Content -- 20.4. Atmospheric Properties -- 20.5. Psychrometry -- 20.6. Applications -- 20.7. Summary -- 20.8. Problems -- ch. 21 Heat Transfer -- 21.1. Introduction -- 21.2. Conduction -- 21.3. Convection -- 21.4. Radiation -- 21.5. Combined Transfer Processes -- 21.6. Summary -- 21.7. Problems -- ch. 22 Thermodynamics and the Body -- 22.1. Introduction -- 22.2. First Law -- 22.3. Energy and the Body -- 22.4. Thermoregulation -- 22.5. Temperature and Health -- 22.6. Summary -- 22.7. Problems -- ch. 23 Thermodynamic Processes in Ideal Gases -- 23.1. Introduction -- 23.2. States, Processes, and Equilibrium -- 23.3. Reversibility -- 23.4. Work and P-V Diagrams -- 23.5. Isobaric, Isochoric, Isothermal, and Adiabatic Processes -- 23.6. Summary -- 23.7. Problems -- ch. 24 Heat Engines And Entropy -- 24.1. Introduction -- 24.2. Second Law of Thermodynamics -- 24.3. Entropy -- 24.4. Cyclic Processes and Heat Engines -- 24.5. First Law for Reversible Processes -- 24.6. T-S Diagrams for Heat Engines -- 24.7. Entropy and Irreversible Processes -- 24.8. Absolute Entropy And The Third Law of Thermodynamics -- 24.9. Summary -- 24.10. Problems -- ch. 25 Energy Availability and Thermodynamic Potentials -- 25.1. Introduction -- 25.2. Enthalpy -- 25.3. Helmholtz Energy -- 25.4. Gibbs Energy -- 25.5. Chemical Work and the Chemical Potential -- 25.6. Thermodynamic Potentials and Equilibrium -- 25.7. Heat Engines and the Efficiency of Metabolism -- 25.8. Summary -- 25.9. Problems -- IV. Electricity and DC Circuits -- ch. 26 Static Electricity -- 26.1. Introduction -- 26.2. Charge -- 26.3. Conductors and Insulators -- 26.4. Charging of Objects -- 26.5. Polarisation -- 26.6. Summary -- 26.7. Problems -- ch. 27 Electric Force and Electric Field -- 27.1. Introduction -- 27.2. Coulomb's Law -- 27.3. Superposition of Electric Forces -- 27.4. Inverse Square Laws -- 27.5. Electric Field -- 27.6. Electric Field Diagrams -- 27.7. Superposition of Electric Fields -- 27.8. Summary -- 27.9. Problems -- ch. 28 Electrical Potential and Energy -- 28.1. Introduction -- 28.2. Electrical Potential Energy -- 28.3. Electrical Potential -- 28.4. Electrical Potential and Work -- 28.5. Equipotential and Field Lines -- 28.6. Electrical and External Forces -- 28.7. Heart and ECG -- 28.8. Summary -- 28.9. Problems -- ch. 29 Capacitance -- 29.1. Introduction -- 29.2. Capacitor -- 29.3. Energy Stored in a Capacitor -- 29.4. Capacitors in Series and Parallel -- 29.5. Dielectric in a Capacitor -- 29.6. Summary -- 29.7. Problems -- ch. 30 Direct Currents and DC Circuits -- 30.1. Introduction -- 30.2. Electric Current -- 30.3. Current and Drift Velocity -- 30.4. Direct Versus Alternating Current -- 30.5. Circuits and Circuit Diagrams -- 30.6. Power Sources -- 30.7. Resistance and Ohm's Law -- 30.8. Resistors and Resistivity -- 30.9. Wires -- 30.10. Kirchhoff's Laws -- 30.11. Resistors in Series and Parallel -- 30.12. Power Dissipation -- 30.13. Alternate Energy Units -- 30.14. Electric Shock Hazards -- 30.15. Electricity in Cells -- 30.16. Summary -- 30.17. Problems -- ch. 31 Time Behaviour of RC Circuits -- 31.1. Introduction -- 31.2. RC Circuit -- 31.3. Discharging RC Circuit -- 31.4. Charging RC Circuit -- 31.5. Summary -- 31.6. Problems -- V. Optics -- ch. 32 Nature of Light -- 32.1. Introduction -- 32.2. Electromagnetic Waves -- 32.3. Reflection -- 32.4. Refraction -- 32.5. Dispersion -- 32.6. Summary -- 32.7. Problems -- ch. 33 Geometric Optics -- 33.1. Introduction -- 33.2. Ray Diagrams -- 33.3. Plane Mirrors -- 33.4. Spherical Mirrors -- 33.5. Magnification -- 33.6. Lenses -- 33.7. Summary -- 33.8. Problems -- ch. 34 Eye and Vision -- 34.1. Introduction -- 34.2. Parts of the Eye -- 34.3. Emmetropia (Normal Vision) -- 34.4. Presbyopia -- 34.5. Myopia -- 34.6. Hypermetropia (or Hyperopia) -- 34.7. Astigmatism -- 34.8. Alternative Structure and Placement -- 34.9. Colour Vision -- 34.10. Summary -- 34.11. Problems -- ch. 35 Wave Optics -- 35.1. Introduction -- 35.2. Superposition and Interference -- 35.3. Huygens' Principle -- 35.4. Diffraction -- 35.5. Young's Double-Slit Experiment -- 35.6. Single-Slit Diffraction -- 35.7. Diffraction Gratings -- 35.8. Circular Apertures and Diffraction -- 35.9. Visual Acuity -- 35.10. Thin-Film Interference -- 35.11. Polarisation -- 35.12. Summary -- 35.13. Problems -- ch. 36 Advanced Geometric Optics -- 36.1. Introduction -- 36.2. Image Formation by Reflection at a Spherical Surface -- 36.3. Image Formation by a Refraction at a Single Spherical Surface -- 36.4. Image Formation by a Thin Lens -- 36.5. Vergences -- 36.6. Multiple Lenses and Thick Lenses -- 36.7. Summary -- 36.8. Problems -- ch. 37 Optical Instruments -- 37.1. Introduction -- 37.2. Single Converging Lens: The Magnifying Glass -- 37.3. Microscopes -- 37.4. Telescopes -- 37.5. Summary -- 37.6. Problems --