End-stage renal disease among Aboriginal peoples in Canada treatment and outcomes

Summary: The burden of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is high among Aboriginal populations in Canada, as well as globally, due to the rising rates of obesity and diabetes. ESRD is the final stage of chronic kidney disease, for which dialysis and transplantation are the main treatment options. Using data from the Canadian Organ Replacement Register (CORR), this report examines differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ESRD patients on a number of factors, such as socio-demographic context, distance to receive treatment, co-existing health conditions, treatments received and treatment-related outcomes. The analyses revealed that Aboriginal peoples are more likely to receive treatment for ESRD compared with others in Canada. To inform potential next steps, the report also provides examples of initiatives that demonstrate effective or promising approaches to health service organization and delivery that support Aboriginal populations with ESRD. Some successful approaches focus on providing culturally appropriate services, overcoming geographic barriers to accessing care, and involving community action to improve local health services and care for chronic health conditions.

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